This guideline last updated 09/05/2022 10:21:28

Differential diagnosis

• Ocular ischaemic syndrome
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Hypertensive retinopathy (accelerated hypertension)
• Papillophlebitis
• Vasculitis

Possible management by Optometrist

Treatment

• None

Advice

• Referral to GP for
  • Secondary vascular risk assessment and treatment
  • Screening for multiple myeloma
• Advise on smoking cessation
  • Consider referral to GP/pharmacy for smoking cessation programs

Management Category

• Observation
• Routine referral to ophthalmology, with images

Possible management by Ophthalmologist

• Observation
• Intravitreal anti-VEGF injections
• Intravitreal steroid therapy
• Macular laser
• Pan-retinal laser